Over the past few years, video surveillance has become a part of the everyday life of the population of many countries of the world. With the help of a small specialized video camera, you can easily find out what is happening directly at the front door, in the stairwell, in the yard of the house, where the child is walking and / or the car is parked. By organizing a simple video surveillance system in your apartment, you can significantly increase the degree of your own security.
Types of CCTV cameras
In the modern electronic equipment market, there are video cameras that differ in different video surveillance technologies. They differ from each other in the way they transfer the image and connect to the TV.
Analog video cameras
Analog CCTV cameras are considered somewhat outdated, but differ from other types in that they can be directly connected to a TV. Their disadvantage is that the image on the screen has a low resolution, which does not allow the owner to see the small details of the picture.
Further development of analog technology has led to the emergence of TVI / HDCVI / AHD cameras that allow you to get a picture on the screen with a fairly high resolution. In this case, you cannot directly connect the camcorder to the TV - you must have a video recorder.
There are high definition CCTV cameras equipped with a switch that allows them to be converted to high quality analog video. They can be connected directly to the TV.
IP video cameras
Wireless technology, which is used to transmit images by IP video cameras, has evolved in parallel with analog technologies. It allows you to get a high-resolution picture on the screen, which favorably distinguishes them from any analog video camera. However, they are much more complicated and more expensive than analog ones, since they contain built-in digital filters that can significantly improve the image quality. In addition, a microphone and a speaker can be mounted in the housing.
The IP video camera is connected to the TV only through the video recorder. Without the latter, it can be connected to a computer, tablet, smartphone with special software. Remember:
- IP video cameras have their own firmware;
- you need a computer network to connect;
- connection to a computer network is carried out using the RJ45 connector;
- IP cameras can be equipped with a WiFi interface.
All CCTV cameras have their own design features.
Design features of video cameras
Depending on the design, the cameras are:
- internal and external;
- domed;
- miniature.
In addition, all video cameras are divided into black and white, color, mixed.
Internal and external
Indoor and outdoor CCTV cameras are designed for indoor or outdoor installation. At the same time, the internal ones are not protected from external factors and are distinguished by their small size and low weight. External ones are mounted in special enclosures that allow them to work in any climatic conditions and protect them from external factors (vandals, etc.).As a rule, external video cameras are installed far from the monitor, and therefore they must transmit a signal over long distances.
Box cameras, in turn, can be fixed and rotary. In the premises, the motionless ones are installed on brackets, and on the streets they are placed in a special thermo-casing with heating and ventilation. If it is necessary to monitor large areas, they are equipped with wide-angle lenses with a zoom.
Camcorders equipped with a rotary mechanism can change the observation area at certain intervals according to a preset program.
Dome Cameras
Dome cameras have an attractive appearance and can be installed both indoors and outdoors. They differ from other types by the presence of a high-speed rotary mechanism that can move the zoom lens both vertically (180 °) and horizontally (360 °), allowing you to control areas with fast-moving objects.
Minicamera
Mini cameras are used for covert surveillance, for which they are hidden, for example, in interior items so that the device cannot be seen. The lens is no larger than the eye of the needle, and therefore the observation area is limited to its small size.
The matrix of black-and-white cameras has a high light sensitivity and high resolution, which allows them to be used wherever a detailed picture is needed. Color details provide the transmission of color video images, which makes the image on the screen more informative. Mixed cameras have the ability to change the color depending on the time of day. At the same time, high-quality night photography is carried out using IR illumination.
Features of connecting a camcorder to a TV
To quickly and easily connect a CCTV camera to a TV, you need to acquire consumables and accessories. Moreover, their composition is determined by the type of video camera, its interfaces and the scope of delivery. The TV should at least have an analog RCA video input. At the same time, most camcorders are equipped with RCA connectors.
Analog video cameras
The CCTV camera is directly connected to the TV using RCA cables. Their colors will help to make the connection without errors - the yellow cable transmits the video signal, and the red and black (white) ones are designed to supply power - + 12V and "common", respectively. When the camcorder is removed from the TV, you can extend the RCA cable using an RG59 coaxial cable or twisted pair (Siamese cable).
To connect high fidelity analog cameras (TVI / HDCVI / AHD), you need an analog DVR.
To connect multiple cameras to one TV, you will need to purchase a 4-core processor or CCTV multiplexer. To connect one analog camera to multiple TVs, you need to split the video signal using a CCTV splitter.
IP video cameras
To connect an IP camera, the user will definitely need a network video recorder NVR. In this case, to connect cameras to the TV, you must perform the following steps:
- connect the IP cameras to the NVR using an Ethernet Cat 5/6 cable;
- connect the NVR to the TV with an HDMI cable;
- connect the AC adapter to the NVR;
- turn on the NVR and TV.
After performing these operations, a live image will appear on the TV screen.
The network video recorder NVR allows you to make a number of fine settings: motion detection, face detection, alarm outputs, etc. A number of models are equipped with PoE outputs that allow you to connect CCTV cameras without a power adapter.
