Motion sensors are indispensable for those who want to reduce the cost of street lighting and make it more functional. In order for devices of this type to automate the lighting system correctly, they must be configured and turned on, taking into account the conditions and personal needs. For this purpose, you need to find out which parameters require more careful tuning, and about the methods.
Parameters Requiring Correct Configuration
The precise adjustment of the motion sensor depends on the correct setting of the most important options. In modern devices, it is possible to improve sensitivity and illumination, angle of installation and delay time. At optimal values, these parameters make it possible to save up to 50% of energy.
Installation angle
First of all, they regulate the lighting zone of the device - the installation angle. Most modern luminaires are equipped with hinged detectors. The angle must be adjusted so that the infrared rays are spread over the largest possible area, while it is important to take into account the height at which the sensor is located.
Sensitivity
The second most important parameter is the sensitivity of the device, the setting of which is considered the most difficult. For adjustment, use a special wheel on the sensor body with a range from minimum to maximum. The parameter is adjusted so that the detector does not react to small animals, but immediately triggers if it detects a person. To this end, the value is set to the maximum, then they wait for the flashlight to turn off and begin to gradually reduce it to the required level.
Illumination
It is necessary to adjust the illumination so that the device is set to turn on the light only after dusk. During the initial setting, the maximum value of the parameter is set and brought to the desired value in the evening. If the detector does not have a regulator, you can additionally connect a special sensor to the device.
Setting the turn-on delay is extremely simple, its time can be in the range from 5 seconds to 10 minutes. It is up to the owner of the device to choose the appropriate value. At the first setting, the regulator is set to the minimum mark for a quick check of the parameters.
Setting methods
There are two ways to configure the sensor: hardware, by making changes to options, and by changing the position.
Hardware
The correct hardware setting of the options is carried out using the adjusting screws located on the panel of the device. Usually their number does not exceed three, while each of the elements is supplemented with a straight slot for a screwdriver, an explanatory inscription and a symbol. They make it possible to change the sensitivity, turn-on time and illumination, simply by bringing the screw to the desired mark.
Positional
The positioning method is suitable for devices with photovoltaic and microwave elements. It is the main tuning method for them, since in this case the beams must hit the main target - the signal receiver.The sensing element of the searchlight has a wide viewing angle, due to which data can flow to both the central and lateral parts, which increases the risk of false alarms of the device. During adjustment, the type of sensor and luminaire is taken into account.
LED models heat up weakly, so motion devices are placed near them. Microwave counterparts need a screen that is installed between it and its supporting surface. Modern devices can be positioned by changing the position of their hinges. In addition, a hand-held flashlight is placed at the installation site of the sensitive element so that its light diverges at the desired angle. This makes it possible to quickly increase the coverage area and simplify positioning.
How the motion sensor works
Under the control of each lens is a specific sector of the total area, it is for this reason that the angle of coverage changes, the value of which ranges from 60 to 360 degrees. When a moving object enters the controlled area, the light switches start to work. In the process of movement, the input and output signals begin to change in each separate section. The light will remain on exactly until one of the sensors no longer receives information about the temperature change. After stopping the movement, the input relay is disconnected together with the light.
The main option of detectors installed in the sensor is the sensitivity level, which is responsible for removing the object from them. If movement occurs in only one sector, and the object is too small, the relay will not work, the light will not turn on.
Application area
With the help of motion sensors, you can control various electronic equipment, for example, lighting, as well as air conditioning and security systems in an apartment or on the street. A standard motion sensor is installed in areas with swimming pools, fountains and artificial reservoirs, as well as at the entrance to the premises. Such devices are present in every alarm system installed at a protected facility. They are capable of registering unauthorized entry into the territory, registering a gas or liquid leak, opening doors or windows.
Sensors are responsible for the recording process in car DVRs and special tracking cameras. Modern models of energy-saving lamps and "smart" air conditioning systems are also equipped with such sensors. Devices differ in type and degree of sensitivity. Simple devices turn off after stabilization of thermal and wave characteristics, for example, if the object is stationary for a long time. More highly sensitive analogs react even to the slightest changes in characteristics. They do their job more accurately and thoroughly, so the immobility of the object will not be a reason to turn them off.
Setting and adjusting DD to turn on the light
Before setting up a standard motion sensor in a device for lighting, you need to take into account that such devices have already been adjusted and configured at the factory. The owner only needs to install and fix it in the right place, as well as connect it to the electric current. If the settings at the factory do not correspond to specific conditions, you can correct them yourself.The installation process is carried out observing the basic safety rules:
- The phase wire is installed by connecting to the sensor.
- He is led to the lamp and connected to it using a terminal block.
- Zero is connected simultaneously to two elements.
- Grounding occurs after connecting to the body of the floodlight.
The phase loop is in a disabled state inside the circuit and passes through the motion sensor. When the device detects movement on the street, the contact closes and the current flows to the luminaire, after stopping it will open in automatic mode. The sensor and the switch can also be installed in parallel to each other, but this scheme is considered not the most successful. This type of connection can adversely affect the operation of the sensor automation system.
During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the elements of the sensors are directed into the controlled space. After adjustment, you can adjust the sensor taking into account all the necessary parameters. Particular attention is paid to two criteria that affect the operation of the device: the distance of action and the angle of deflection vertically and horizontally.
The parameters of the angle and range are indicated in the passport for the device, they must be set taking into account the already existing values, after which they must be adjusted depending on the specific location.
With two regulators
In standard models with two controls, you only need to adjust the sensor activation time and turn on the floodlight after evening. Setting the time allows you to make the sensor work immediately or after a few minutes. It is also advisable to adjust the device to turn on after a certain hour or its continuous operation for a full day.
With three controls
In more modern devices, not two, but three regulators are installed, the third is responsible for adjusting the clarity of response to an object in motion. Such devices will cost more, but at the same time they are distinguished by high sensitivity.
