To organize effective video surveillance for a summer residence, you need to choose the type of security system and its equipment. In addition, you should familiarize yourself with the features of self-arrangement of protective systems.
Types of systems
A video surveillance system for a private house or for a summer residence has a number of versions that differ in the way of power supply and video signal transmission. In accordance with the first sign, security video systems can be:
- self-contained with battery power;
- network, for the connection of which an electrical network of 220 volts is used.
According to the method of signal transmission, they are divided into remote (communication is carried out through a mobile phone, for example) and wireless. In the first case, signals coming from any video camera are transmitted over long distances, limited by the power of the emitting module and the capabilities of the receiving device. To view the image, special recorders are used, purchased separately or included in the equipment delivery set. Wireless refers to any system that does not use line wires for signal transmission.
Equipment set
Before equipping the system, you will need to purchase all the necessary equipment. You can purchase a ready-made set of video surveillance devices or assemble it from separate modules. In the first case, it already contains all the necessary components. The difference between one configuration option from another is manifested in the number and technical characteristics of equipment samples, in its manufacturer and in the availability of additional options.
It makes sense to buy a ready-to-install set of equipment when it is fully sufficient for solving the tasks. They include the following items:
- two or four surveillance cameras;
- video recorder;
- power supplies and connecting cables.
Other components are included depending on the model chosen.
If the user required a non-standard number of cameras and does not need a recorder, such a system will have to be assembled independently.
Selection rules and priorities
The typical structure of modern video monitoring systems is very simple: it contains several cameras and a control module (PC or video archive storage) spaced around the perimeter. It also includes wired lines or a local Wi-Fi network. With their help, video information from cameras is transmitted to the storage device and monitors. To organize simultaneous monitoring from several cameras at once, routers are used.
Camcorders
This component of the security complex is selected taking into account the following factors:
- video resolution;
- photosensitivity and matrix characteristics;
- data transfer rate.
When choosing the required resolution, one proceeds from the need to obtain a high-quality picture. Modern cameras guarantee its size from 1.3 to 3.5 MP or even higher. When high image quality is not required, a device with HD (720) or Full HD (1080) resolution is selected.
Light sensitivity indicates how well the camera distinguishes objects at night or in low light conditions. If it is necessary to conduct night surveillance, it is best to select and deliver models with a high value of the indicator measured in lux. This parameter is indicated on the packaging boxes of the product. Modern video cameras transmit images at an average speed of 3 to 25 frames per second.
Chamber design
According to their design features, the cameras are divided into the following groups:
- case (rotary);
- domed;
- outdoor (anti-vandal);
- mini cameras and for hidden installation.
Their differences are manifested in the shape of the body, different viewing angles and applications.
Outdoor models are also vandal-proof. Dome and body samples are intended for installation mainly indoors.
Routers
The function of a router or router is to organize the exchange of information over a Wi-Fi network. They are usually equipped with standard RJ45 connectors for connecting a UTP cable. It is allowed to connect cameras to it both via Wi-Fi channels and using cables. In the latter case, you will have to choose a model with the required number of ports.
When choosing a router, you should pay attention to the radius that the Wi-Fi network supported by it covers, as well as the maximum data transfer rate. When determining this indicator, it must be borne in mind that the router will equally divide the information channel for each device connected to it. With a maximum speed of 300 Mbit / sec, for example, and 5 connected cameras, it will be: 300: 5 = 60 Mbit / sec. The range of domestic routers does not exceed several tens of meters (if there is a line of sight).
Video recorder and power supply equipment
The recorder is an independent device capable of recording, storing and transmitting video images. It can be used instead of a computer or work together with it. In various models, a mouse or pointing device is connected to it via USB. Well-known samples of recorders work with both analog and digital cameras, as well as with hybrid devices designed for both types at once. When buying them, the focus is on the number of channels, showing how many cameras it can work with at the same time.
Interconnecting cables and power supplies are responsible for supplying power to all of the reviewed equipment samples. The set of power modules includes 220/24/12 Volt converters with all the necessary switching elements.
Choosing the right technology solution
Modern video surveillance systems fully correspond to the concept of "smart home". They have a number of additional options that expand their functionality and increase efficiency. For example, they recognize objects in the field of view of cameras. If the sensor detects movement in the protected area, the camera is able to determine what exactly is moving around it (animal, person or car). If the moving object does not pose a threat, the system does not give an alarm.
High-tech security systems with CCTV cameras are capable of:
- track the games of young children;
- fix leaks in the household water supply in time;
- detect gas leaks;
- give a signal about a fire that has started at the facility, etc.
The possibilities of modern complexes guarantee the absolute safety of city apartments and private summer cottages with adjacent territories.
Varieties of systems
Mixed video surveillance systems that combine analog and digital solutions are divided into two options:
- combined;
- hybrid.
The first are modernized analog complexes, in which the cameras used are combined with more advanced digital recorders based on a hard disk (DVR). The systems of the second class are built on the basis of the so-called "hybrid" video recorders, allowing the connection of analog and network cameras. They are also equipped with interfaces for connecting to a network from multiple PCs.
Hybrid video recorders allow monitoring locally, located directly at the facility, as well as remotely (via the Internet). With their help, it is possible to create several points of video surveillance at once. In addition, they can be scaled up, provided that a DVR model with the appropriate capabilities is used.
When choosing the level of manufacturability of equipment for a private house or a summer residence, the main criterion is expediency, which is determined by the following factors:
- for what purposes it is planned to use the acquired complex;
- where it is supposed to be mounted (on the street or within the premises).
If the task is to additionally protect a suburban dacha from fire, a break in the water supply system or gas leaks, appropriate sensors and the necessary elements for their installation will be required. The size of the garden plot and the number of rooms in the house are counted as a minor, but also important factor.
Such well-known companies as Samsung, Vivotek, Fermax, Axis, Bosch, Dahua Technology and many others are considered recognized leaders in the world in terms of the quality of their products. Video surveillance systems from these manufacturers are distinguished by a guaranteed high operational reliability and durability.
DIY video surveillance system installation
It is not difficult to install and configure video surveillance with your own hands at home or in the country. The most important thing is to follow the instructions in the attached instructions and think over the location of the system elements within the premises or in the protected area. It should allow you to simultaneously control each of the branches of the network. Once the installation is complete, the camcorders will need to be configured. For these purposes, special software has been developed, supplied with the equipment, or purchased separately.
Setting up remote access to the Internet
The essence of the setup is to guarantee access to the router for each of the outdoor CCTV cameras for a private house. And already with its help, Internet access is easily organized. All information collected and stored during monitoring is transmitted via the Web to a user's personal computer, laptop or mobile phone.
At the next stage, the transmitted picture (image) is corrected, for which special software is used. Although it is allowed to do it yourself, experts recommend entrusting this stage to professionals, since the quality of the setting is directly related to the effectiveness of the remote security system.
