Where does the split system take air from to cool the room?

An air conditioner is a technological device for cooling a room. In order for the device to work properly, it is required to correctly install it and operate according to the instructions. It is important to understand where the air conditioner takes air from: from the room or from the street, and what conditions are needed for the installation of supply equipment.

How climate systems work

The chain of processes that drive the air cooling system when the device is turned on:

• Freon under the action of high pressure enters the compressor, compresses, heats up, goes to the condenser.
• In the outdoor unit of the air heat exchanger, the refrigerant changes its state of aggregation from gaseous to liquid. The process is accompanied by heat release and a decrease in the pressure of the fluid flow in the capillary tube.
• In the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, freon becomes gaseous, releasing cold and absorbing heat from the room.

Thus, the climatic device in the production of cold uses the indoor unit, and the external one plays the role of a condenser. If the split system is configured to supply heat, the units switch roles - the cold air supply is cut off in the air conditioner. Heat is transferred from the outdoor unit to the room using the same refrigerant.

When installing household climatic equipment, it is structurally not provided for the laying of air ducts for supplying clean atmospheric air from the street. Communications that lead to the external elements of the system serve only to remove heat. Cooling devices start a closed loop of processes that move the refrigerant. In one place it evaporates, absorbing heat, and in another it condenses, releasing it.

Air conditioners, which take air from the street for cooling, occupy less than 35% of the climate technology market. This is due to their cost and installation complexity.

Types of air conditioners

In domestic conditions, devices are used, conditionally divided into three large groups:

Mobile The (portable) air conditioner is a good alternative to permanently installed air conditioning equipment. The device can be moved, moved from room to room or transported to another place without installation. Weight from 20 kg. In addition to ventilation and cooling, it can reduce the level of humidity in the room. The mobile air conditioner recycles the air in the room: one of the built-in fans draws in the air mass through a system of holes, and then passes the flow into the evaporator of the refrigeration circuit. During operation, the fan removes the heated air masses through the air duct to the outside and through the system of slotted openings throws the cooled flow into the room. The body of the portable device is equipped with a drip tray that is manually emptied.

Window the air conditioner is a cooling device organized in a single body. Installed in a window opening, window or wall, the width of which is no more than 30 cm. The device is attractive for simple installation, operation and cost 30-40% lower than other representatives of the product group. A monoblock window unit takes in part of the room air (up to 10%) and releases it outside, providing forced exhaust ventilation. When oxygen is taken from the street, the system begins to emit increased noise and cools the air flow worse. In fact, the air conditioner begins to function as an exhaust fan.

Split system maintains the set indoor temperature and air flow rate. Consists of outdoor and indoor units. The split system takes air in an air-conditioned room for cooling and transfers it outside.

The split system has a heating function: the process of freon movement is reversed, which allows the device to release heated air into the room.

The device of air conditioners

Basic and running models of air conditioners are arranged according to the principle of well-coordinated work of the following main units:

• The compressor compresses the refrigerant (freon) and keeps it moving along the refrigeration circuit. A refrigerant is a working substance of refrigeration machines that removes heat from a cooled object during boiling.
• The air heat exchanger of the outdoor unit provides the process of converting the refrigerant into liquid (condensation), as well as its cooling.
• The air heat exchanger of the indoor unit contributes to the evaporation of freon.
• The capillary tube is responsible for the timely increase / decrease of the refrigerant pressure in the air heat exchangers of the outdoor and indoor units.
• The fan provides a continuous flow of air to the condenser.

Air conditioners with air supply

Oxygen supply from the street is carried out by duct-type and cassette-type air conditioners. Structurally, it is possible to supply air ducts to the devices for the intake of fresh, clean air from the outside. The price for such cooling systems starts from 30 thousand rubles. and varies depending on the required functionality. An air conditioner with ventilation has a significant drawback - a low volume of air that is supplied or removed from the room per unit of time.

The ducted oxygen supply system shows a higher rate of air exchange, but its installation is complicated by the design features of an ordinary apartment or house. For the equipment of a living space, it is necessary to install a hidden air supply system by installing indoor units built into the ceiling. The inconvenience will be added by a high-power fan, which is installed outside above the grill for air exchange. Its noise level is several times higher than the volume of standard household cooling devices.

An air conditioner with an air supply from the street has a large capacity for supplying oxygen and cleans it of impurities and unpleasant odors.

The ventilated cooling device has a structure similar to standard split systems, with the exception of:

• The indoor unit is equipped with an additional filtration system and an electronic control unit.
• The external block is supplemented with a suction turbine and a mixing chamber.

The cooling process, complemented by the flow of oxygen, is as follows:

1. The air conditioner takes air from the outside with the help of a fan and directs it to the indoor unit through the duct.
2. Oxygen taken from outside is mixed in a separate chamber with room air.
3. Filtration, cooling / heating, dehumidification / humidification processes take place.
4. Air masses enter the room according to the mode set on the device.

Types of air conditioners with air supply

Cooling units with a ventilation system differ from each other in the structure of the duct channel:

• Membrane the air conditioner is equipped with a thin flexible plate, which is responsible for the operation of the duct. The permeability of oxygen through the membrane is higher than the permeability of other gases. The devices are expensive and therefore rarely found in the consumer market.
• Modular the system is distinguished by the presence of a recuperator installed outside the room next to the air conditioner. The module is equipped with tubes for air exchange and thermoregulation. HVAC equipment sellers rarely offer such designs, since they are significantly inferior to analogs.
• Modified the air conditioner is equipped with an external cooling and ventilation unit.An air duct channel for oxygen supply is installed between the external and internal parts of the air conditioner. Cooling systems differ from analogues in high cost and average air exchange (the amount of ventilated oxygen is designed for the presence of only one person in the room).

In the presence of disadvantages: high cost, complexity of installation, noise - air conditioners with air supply have a number of useful options: cleaning the room from unpleasant odors, filtering the incoming stream from dust and bacteria. More expensive models have a built-in pollution analyzer that provides information on the freshness and cleanliness of the air, as well as automatic adjustment of the temperature and humidity of the room.